Double Negatives in Spanish

I cant get no satisfaction. I dont know nobody. You aint seen nothing yet. Because they contain double negatives, the above English sentences are considered substandard (although, of course, people often talk like that in real life). But theres no such prohibition in Spanish. In fact, in many cases, use of double negatives is required. Even triple negatives are possible. Double Negatives in Spanish Double and even triple negatives are not unusual in Spanish even though they are usually considered improper in English.Generally, negative and affirmative elements (such as the equivalents for never and always, respectively) shouldnt be used in the same Spanish sentence.Double-negative Spanish sentences can usually be translated in more than one way, such as I dont know anybody and I know nobody. Double Negatives Not Viewed Negatively in Spanish Grammarians may tell you that English doesnt use double negatives because the two negatives contradict each other and make a positive. (In other words, I dont know nobody is the same as saying I know somebody.) But negatives arent thought of in  that way in Spanish — the negatives are seen as reinforcing rather than contradicting each other. Although sometimes the second negative is used to make a stronger statement just as it is in substandard English, in most cases it is merely part of the structure of the sentence. In Spanish, the most common negative terms in addition to no (no, not) are apenas (barely, scarcely, hardly), jamà ¡s (never), nadie (nobody), ni (neither, not), ninguno (none, no), ni siquiera (not even), nunca (never), and tampoco (not even, nor, neither). Most of these terms in Spanish have a corresponding affirmative term: algo (something), alguien (somebody), alguno (some), siempre (always), tambià ©n (also), and siquiera (at least). How To Use Double and Triple Negatives As a general rule, a sentence cant include both affirmative and negative terms; where one element of a sentence (subject, verb, object) includes a negative term, the other elements should use a negative term where a term is needed. Also, with the exception of nunca jamà ¡s (see below), not more than one negative term is used before the verb. By following these rules, it is possible to have one, two, or three negatives in a sentence, as in the following examples: Apenas come. (She barely eats.)Apenas come nada. (She barely eats anything.)No tengo ninguno. (I dont have any.)Nadie sabe eso. (Nobody knows that.)Jamà ¡s fumo. (I never smoke.)Tampoco comià ³. (She didnt eat either.)Tampoco comià ³ nada. (She didnt eat anything either.)No hablà ³. (He didnt speak.)No dijo nada. (He said nothing.)No le dijo nada a nadie. (He didnt say anything to anybody.)No compro ninguno. (Im not buying any.)Nunca le compra nada a nadie. (She never buys anything for anybody.)No come ni siquiera pan. (He doesnt even eat bread.)Ni siquiera come pan. (He doesnt even eat bread.) Note that in some cases (such as the final two examples in the chart) it is possible to say the same thing in more than one way, with either one negative or two. Generally, that is because in Spanish the subject can come before or after the verb; where a negative subject comes before the verb, a no is not needed with the verb. In this example, ni siquiera no come pan would not be standard Spanish. There generally isnt much difference in meaning between using one negative or two. Note also that various translations to English are possible. Tampoco comià ³ could be translated not only as she didnt eat either but also as neither did she eat. When a verb is used with a negative term, it isnt always necessary to use a negative term after the verb. For example, No tengo amigos (I dont have friends) is grammatically acceptable. What you shouldnt do, though, is use an affirmative term for emphasis. If you want to say I dont have any friends, use a negative term after the verb: No tengo ningà ºn amigo. Other Uses of Double Negatives There are at least two other cases where a double negative is used for added emphasis: Nada as an adverb: When used as an adverb in a negative sentence, nada usually can be translated as at all. No ayuda nada. (He doesnt help at all.)No usa nada los ordenadores. (He doesnt use computers at all.) Nunca jamà ¡s: When these two negatives meaning never are used together, they reinforce each other. Nunca jamà ¡s vuelo. (I never, ever fly.)Dijo el cuervo, nunca jamà ¡s. (Quoth the raven, nevermore.)

College Is An American Writer - 934 Words

All humans come to a point on whether or not they would like to attend college. College is a step one takes to further their education in the pursuit of having a career. But is that the only reason why someone would really choose to go to college? Choosing to become part of a huge or small community that holds a lot responsibilities is big decision one must think thoroughly about. They must have a purpose behind it for its rare to see someone say â€Å"I want to go to college just because I want.† Louis Menand, an American writer, has addressed this question with the three most common theories as to why someone would decide to go to college. His theories will show the different perspectives upon the arrival of choosing to attend college which will lead to what I find very convincing from them all. We go to college to spend four years of our lives and thousands of money on the school, yet we never ask ourselves why we choose to attend college. Menand developed three reasons as to why people may choose to go to college; meritocratic, democratic, and vocational. These theories arose when asked a simply, yet very intellectual question, â€Å"Why did we have to buy this book?† (Menand pp. 1). Theory one beliefs that only the intelligent ones are able to attend this four year university. The education given in college is help progress the society we live in. In order for that to happen, â€Å"society needs a mechanism for sorting out its more intelligent members from its less intelligent ones†Show MoreRelatedTaking a Look at African American Poets827 Words   |  3 Pagesbells when African American poets are mentioned? The legends who have influenced the path in which our ancestors fought hard to obtain in past generations. Booker T. Washington, Rita Dove, Richard Wri ght, Zora Hurston and Langston Hughes were a few among various highly influential poets during the 1900s. 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Thomas Sawer My Life Essay Example For Students

Thomas Sawer My Life Essay I realised then that the rumors were true, the Strangers were presenting a Pageant for the Queen. The echoing of jeers and hissing swarmed around and I felt my face burn red with anger. As I turned to leave, beckoning Margaret to follow I felt a small, soft hand slip into mine. As I spun around, a grin spread across the face of John and Thomas was pointing at the stage. I was reluctant to spoil their day so, with great difficulty, I continued to join in with the celebrations. The procession carried on until we reached the Market Square. The crowds fell silent and the final Oration was given to the Queen. Then, with the swarming crowds, the Monarch made her way to the Bishops palace where she spent the night and the next day (Sunday) in peace. I will never forget the next couple of years, something dreadful happened to us all. Loses of relatives and friends, even falling ill yourself could not be avoided. A strange disease had occurred among the people of Norwich, mostly dying within a few days of catching it. Many folk thought it was a punishment from God while others thought it was caused by bad smells. The cause was unknown, and the disease spread very quickly. It carried very bad symptoms: Swellings under the armpits and between the legs, black and blue blotches on the body, vomiting and spitting blood and (in everycase) Death. People tried to invent absurd remedies: Wash floors, hands, mouths and nostrils with vinegar and rose water, flagellation, no drinking or gambling, avoiding hot spices, leeks, garlic and anything that is likely to raise body temperature and open pores, no hot baths and to take pills made from powdered stag horns and rare spices. Many of my friends fell ill and died, leaving behind families and friends who mourned their deaths greatly. Then, Margaret (my dear wife) fell ill and died on the 26th April 1579. I mourned her death for a long time afterwards. She was the only lady I had loved and she had left me with the responsibility of caring for three children. Then, sadly, my two sons Thomas and John died of this unknown disease. Thomas died on the 11th August 1579 and then John on the 12th August, a day after Thomas. All I had left now was my daughter, Ann. She was to young to understand what had happened to her mother and brothers but if she had not been there, I feel I would have died without catching the disease. Due to having the Plague in our dwelling, we were concealed in our house for six weeks, with no contact whatsoever with the outside world. With no sanitation, we were provided with small amounts of food pushed through the flap in the door, just enough to stay alive. When finally the six weeks passed, I knew there was only one sensible thing to do, re marry. I did not wish to as I felt I would be cheating on Margaret but I knew she would understand the circumstances. Having to look after a very young child and continue with a full time job would be very difficult so I married my second wife, Brenda. We were happy together but she would never match Margaret, whom I missed dearly. If only she was there, she would be able to see her daughter grow up to be a beautiful little girl. However, my second wife fell pregnant, giving Ann a Stepsister. We named our baby Ales and she was born on the 17th July 1580. I hope, that as my life has been full of sorrow, I will see happiness through both my daughters lives and I hope my life will be prosperous in the future.

Technological development Essay Example For Students

Technological development Essay In relevance to anthropology, the interest arises in the relations between tourists and groups of hosts. The tourists can place demands on services performed by the host population, Nash (1999, p. 23) whereas MacCannell (1999, p. 24) argue that in areas new to tourism the understanding can be limited with misunderstandings on cultural differences. Ultimately this can result to the loss of culture, Burns (1999, p. 33) claims that the tourist industry is a quest for the illusion of authenticity through the experience of social and cultural simulation: The very existence of tourism rules out the possibility of authentic cultural experience. According to Taylor (2001, p. 9) the attempts to locate the original and true Maori, New Zealand culture in pre-European past have been evident in a variety of social institutions, including museums, anthropology and tourism. The common link between the findings is the conception of time that has emerged. Western thought has developed alongside ideas of sociocultural evolution. This can suggest that although the culture has been preserved, it is just an interpretation that is primarily targeted to the western societies therefore over time has been commodified for attraction which has lost genuine value. Technological development has grown rapidly since the 20th century for tourism. The environmental change is evident in both the supply environment and the changing nature of consumer behaviour, Cooper (2006, p. 47). This can be used as a competitive tool for the host and guest in the tourism industry as the knowledge can predetermine the system and value of the representation. We will write a custom essay on Technological development specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The can ultimately ensure the tourist does not go anywhere real, hence the tourist bubble, Burns (1999). This suggests that with the broader understandings of what may be considered real, authentic or staged with promotion of technology information, it provides tourists to seek for more adventure. OReilly (2006, p. 998) declares over the past few decades, independent travel has grown in popularity. Associating adventure tourism with young people who want to experience freedom, personal development and fulfilment, it has become part of education. Whereas, Cater (2006, p. 317) suggests that with adventure tourism is a rapidly expanding market segment it has contributed $220 billion annually to the US economy alone. To support, Eurostar (2011) high-speed passenger service, launched a new campaign exploring is beautiful to inspire travellers to explore Europe through connecting trains to city centre destinations. This shows that transportation links are becoming easier for tourists to explore, yet as a consequence this could suggest that adventure tourism is evolving into mass tourism. The term adventure can be associated with many people and images that connect with the imagination and emotions of the adventure experience, Swarbrooke et al (2003, p. 7). According to Buckley (2003, p. 8) the pressures of the market demand have commercialised adventure activities that have now evolved from hard to soft adventure in some destinations. For example, Brazil relies on the natural resources such as rivers, waterfalls, beaches, national parks/forests as a comparative advantage to strengthen their economy, ranked 58/ 139 in travel and tourism competitiveness report (see appendix: Figure 2 ). The activities such as canoeing and horse riding over time have become more controlled as the growth and knowledge of tour guide/reps have placed limits on the extent of adventure, Filho (2009, p. 1)The social and technological changes are suggested to make it easier and cheaper to visit remote parts of the globe and reduce some risks. The soft adventurer is in some senses parallel with mass tourism as it appeals to novices and involves low risks. Whereas, the hard adventurer is required to have commitment and advanced skills and is more likely to be involved with physical activity, Buckley (2003, p. 9). .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .postImageUrl , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:hover , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:visited , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:active { border:0!important; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:active , .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3a8d983c52edfe9943011739ad0b184c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Doctrine of Ethos EssayThis can put forward that the anthropology of knowledge may possibly be required in order to become more adventurous. In contrast, Swarbrooke et al (2003, p. 36) displays the typology of adventure tourism is complex and consumer and suppliers do not confine themselves to one category. (See appendix: Figure 3). This suggests that the soft adventure tourists can be portrayed as more independent and internationally seeking for the natural environment, whereas the hard adventure tourists seek for artificial and commercial which contradicts adventure tourist as evidently pursuing inauthentic destinations. Although the hard tourist striving for more wilderness as the soft tourist more urban. Ingold (1992) suggests the term urban beings have evolved from technology and improvement from humans that have begun to change the way people perceive the environment, detaching them from their natural surroundings. Through such a perspective, physical activity as well as relaxing when in touch with nature can be vitally important to quality of life. This has led to a revaluation of some types of activities, especially those which bring humans closer to nature (Brown Kasser, 2005; Watson Landres, 1999). According to Pearce (2005, p. 52) an adventure traveller will be motivated by intrinsic, self satisfying goals and at other times motivated by extrinsic socially controlled rewards to visit a destination. So, by more destinations becoming available it widens the variety of intrinsic needs of adventure tourists. This can be identified in Maslows Hierarchy of Needs (see appendix: Figure 4) citied in Reisinger, Y. (2009 p. 272) it can be shown that people have a range of motives for seeking out holiday experiences. By analysing the different levels, especially the self-actualization and ego needs which relates back to Smith (2000) portraying adventure as high status, it can help to understand the motivation of adventure tourism in anthropology. The ego needs can be seen as the main factor if these are met. If they feel recognition and achievement, the judgment will be based on the interpretations between the host and guest as tourists. As adventure tourism is an emerging field (OReilly 2006; Carter 2006) this can suggest that it has become a popular trend to pursue adventure worldwide. The increasing amount of tourism niches interlink with adventure activities (see appendix: Figure 5) gives the potential opportunities to expand on niche tourism adventure. Culture tourism such as backpackers or spiritual tourists, reflect the origins of work on cultures through anthropology. McCabe (2005, p. 87) claims the tradition of the study of isolated local communities has often set up an uneasy relationship with tourism and tourists, where their presence is seen as a threat to local identity. This shows the effect that cultural study of tourism can be seen as eroded by homogenous inauthentic, consumer culture.